The Test Method Brush Pilling Testing for ASTM D 3511

Bring the test specimens to moisture equilibrium for testing in the standard atmosphere for testing textiles as directed in Practice D 1776 or, if applicable, in the specified atmosphere in which the testing is to be performed.

Procedure

1、Make all tests in the standard atmosphere for testing textiles.

2、Place the brush board on the 19.0-mm (0.75-in.) radius rotating platform with the bristles pointing upwards.

3、Mount the six specimens on the six holders, fabric face exposed and under sufficient tension to prevent wrinkling. Place the specimen holders over the vertical positioning pins so that the fabric face makes contact with the brush bristles.

4、Brush the specimens 4 min 6 10 s.NOTE 3—The test time intervals used should reproduce the appearance of actual wear as seen in garments made from the specific type of fabric under test. The test time intervals for brushing and pilling specified in 12.4 and 12.5 have been found satisfactory for most clear-finish suitings, lightweight shirtings, and blouse fabrics. Woolen system blends such as flannels and other soft fabrics may require modification of the preceding procedure even to the exclusion of the brushing treatment or to lowering the pressure on the specimen by using lighter-weight specimen holders.Cross checking with actual wear tests is considered essential for determining any commercial acceptability.

5、Place the three holders with specimens marked “BL,”“BC,” and“ BR” on the 9-mm (0.75-in.) radius rotating platform with the fabric face of “B” specimens exposed and facing up and the three pins in the back of the holder mated with the corresponding holes in the platform. Place the remaining three fabric holders, with the “A” specimens, fabric face exposed and facing “B,” over the vertical positioning pins so that the face-to-face contact is made with the lower set of specimens; BL matches with AL; BC with AC; BR with AR. Run the pilling tester for 2 min 6 10 s (see Notes 2 and 3)。

Evaluation

Using the viewing apparatus and option selected from Table 1 and either suitable fabric or photographic standards (see 6.4), subjectively rate the appearance of the face of each A specimen using the following scale:

5—no pilling

4—slight pilling

3—moderate pilling

2—severe pilling

very severe pilling

NOTE 4—Rating standards assembled from tested specimens of the types of fabrics tested, representing the level of pilling equivalent to each of the five ratings, are valuable as a reference to ensure uniformity in rating. Individual laboratories should have available rating standards for each type of fabric of particular interest.

NOTE 5—If the test method is to be used as a referee method, a minimum of two graders, the agreed-upon standards, and the viewing apparatus and option selected from Table 1 for fabric evaluation shall be used.

1、Average the ratings for each laboratory sampling unit and for the lot.

2、Check the pilled specimens for nonuniformity of pilling. If pills are concentrated in any one strip in the length or width direction, or in any one portion of a specimen, report this condition. Strips indicate that different yarns may have been used to make the fabric being tested.

NOTE 6—If absolute rather than relative performance is the objective of the test, correlate the observed pilling test results with appropriate wear tests for each type of fabric.

3、Evaluate the fabric for other surface effects, such as fuzzing, if requested. It is advisable to develop a separate set of in-house fabric rating standards for each surface effect to be rated.

Report

State that the specimens were tested as directed in Test Method D 3511. Describe the material or product sampled and the method of sampling used.

Report the following information for the laboratory sampling unit and for the lot as applicable to a material specification or contract order.

1、Ratings of each individual specimen and the average rating of the three specimens from each laboratory sampling unit and the average for the lot,

2、If the sample fabric was washed before testing, laundering conditions used,

3、If the fabric was dry-cleaned before testing, the conditions used,

4、Running times, and

5、Type of viewing apparatus, viewing option, and rating standard used.

Precision and Bias

1、Precision—The repeatability standard deviation for 1 laboratory has been determined to be6 0.35. The reproducibility of this test method is being determined and will be available during or before 2000.

2、Bias—The procedure of this test method produces a test value that can be defined only in terms of a test method.

There is no independent, referee method by which bias may be determined. This test method has no known bias.

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The Test Method Brush Pilling Testing for ASTM D 3511

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