Abrasion is one aspect of wear and is the rubbing away of the component fibers and yarns of the fabric.Abrasion may be classified as follows-
Plane or flat abrasion-A flat area of material is abraded.
Edge abrasion-This kind of abrasion occurs at collars and folds.
Flex abrasion-In this case, rubbing is accompanied by flexing and bending.
If you work with fabric you have probably aware of the fabric abrasion conundrum!
Wyzenbeek Cotton Duck, Wyzenbeek Wire Mesh, Wire Screen, Martindale… What do they all mean and is there any relation between them all? do you know those factors which affect abrasion resistance?
Factors affecting abrasion resistance:
Fibre type:
Nylon is generally considered to have the best abrasion resistance. Polyester and polypropylene also have good abrasion resistance. Blending either nylon or polyester with wool and cotton is found to increase their abrasion resistance. Viscose and acetates have the lowest abrasion resistance.
Fibre properties:
A fabric made up with longer fibres gives better abrasion resistance than short fibres because they are harder to remove from the yarn. For the same reason filament yarns are more abrasion resistant than staple yarns made from the same fibre. Increasing fibre diameter up to a limit improves abrasion resistance.
Yarn twist:
An optimum amount of twist in a yarn gives the best abrasion resistance. At low-twist factors, fibres can easily be removed from the yarn so that it is gradually reduced in diameter. At high twist levels, the fibres are held more tightly but the yarn is stiffer so it is hard abrade under pressure
Fabric structure:
Fabrics with the crimp evenly distributed between warp and weft give the best wear because the damage is spread evenly between them.
